The Tyler Model, developed by Ralph Tyler in the 1940’s, is the quintessential prototype of curriculum development in the scientific approach. One could almost dare to say that every certified teacher in America and maybe beyond has developed curriculum either directly or indirectly using this model or one of the many variations.
Tyler did not intend for his contribution to curriculum to be a lockstep model for development. Originally, he wrote down his ideas in a book Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction for his students to give them an idea about principles for to making curriculum. The brilliance of Tyler’s model is that it was one of the first models and it was and still is a highly simple model consisting of four steps.
- Determine the school’s purposes (aka objectives)
- Identify educational experiences related to purpose
- Organize the experiences
- Evaluate the purposes
Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction
Step one is determining the objectives of the school or class. In other words, what do the students need to do in order to be successful? Each subject has natural objectives that are indicators of mastery. All objectives need to be consistent with the philosophy of the school and this is often neglected in curriculum development. For example, a school that is developing an English curriculum may create an objective that students will write essays. This would be one of many objectives within the curriculum.
Step two is developing learning experiences that help the students to achieve step one. For example, if students need to meet the objective of writing an essay. The learning experience might be a demonstration by the teacher of writing an essay. The students than might practice writing essays. The experience (essay demonstration and writing) is consistent with the objective (Student will write an essay).
Step three is organizing the experiences. Should the teacher demonstrate first or should the students learn by writing immediately? Either way could work and preference is determined by the philosophy of the teacher and the needs of the students. The point is that the teacher needs to determine a logical order of experiences for the students.
Lastly, step four is evaluation of the objectives. Now the teacher assesses the students’ ability to write an essay. There are many ways to do this. For example, the teacher could have the students write an essay without assistance. If they can do this, it is evidence that the students have achieved the objective of the lesson.
There are variations on this model. However, the Tyler model is still considered by many to be the strongest model for curriculum development.
I find it very intresting and I need more explanation on the four basic fundemental question of Rapl Tyller
Is it possible to identify what you do not understand
Sometimes what you managed to do, is what you understand…….
self explanatory.well done’
much respect to my dearest lecturer sir Mligo of STEMMUCO.he made me to pass through this brilliant “class” of Tyler as he gave me an assignment on the models of curriculum. I really,appreciate what Tyler “classed” me. thank u Tyler, thank u sir mligo- the so called Mligo Mwamba.
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yes
i am in class now, and am enjoiying the model, because it is my todays topic
I am glad this post is helping you with your studies
This Tyler Model is exactly what I was looking for!!! Wow! Thank you so much.
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I am enjoying this model of Tyler’s .am currently happy thanks in Kenya
thank you…yor explanation helped me in clarifying the model to my students.
thank you… it is a big help for me as a student. this information helps me understand my topic today.:) thanks and Godbless always
This model is helpful……..
Tyler’s models is simple and straight forward to apply but I’m trying to assess its strength and weaknesses in our present time. Can someone help me, please?
Thank you Tyler for simplifying it, its well understood
this model has helped me do my revision very well.
thanks alot.
this is very impresive can you please give us Lawrence Stenhouse model
this is what i am actually looking for… “Tyler model of curriculum development ” thank you so much….
Please explain how this curriculum development development would suit students who are not strong in the verbal linguistic learning style ? Perhaps other types of essays would be permitted for students with other learning strengths such as the opportunity to create a photographic sluse show, diorama, musical score, dramatization, or video essay? Humans learn in a variety of different ways.
Good question. The Tyler model is used for having a process for what you want to put into a curriculum. This means that anybody can follow this model and put whatever they want into their curriculum. There is no right or wrong content in a Tyler curriculum. What makes a curriculum a Tyler model is if it follows the four steps that Tyler proposed. This means you can have videos, essays or, whatever else works for your students.
I see
Yes very true but I think the writer was just citing an example for clear understanding. He want to say that you don’t plant pawpaw to harvest mango. You should design your work base on your objective
Mensah Ebenezer
smart job my hero tyler!
Thank you so much for this very informative data. Very simple and easy to understand:)
IT WAS HELPFUL. THANK YOU.
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Thanks for this model for it has helped me understand curriculum and pass my course work.
This is very nice model and self explanatory
This is very nice model and it is self explanatory
What was Raph Tyler’s ideas influence in the field of curriculum development in kenyan education.
i’m not an expert on Kenyan education so it would be hard to answer that. I think it’s better if you look at Tyler’s model and see if it reminds you of anything you see in Kenyan education
what are applications of Tyler model in Tanzania
An Excellent model
Excellent one
thanx
Thanks sir, my question is ‘Are there criticisms of the Tyler’s model of curriculum design ?
here is a great post that deals with this question
http://kibogoji.com/2014/04/19/curriculum-evaluation-using-tylers-goal-attainment-model-or-objectives-centered-model/
Herbert M. Kliebard incisively criticized the Tyler Model a long time ago–1970–pointing out many of the problems and assumptions that go into Tyler’s approach, an approach whose roots actually go back to the 1800s with Frederick Taylor’s ideas on management. Peter Taubman also presents some excellent critiques of the Tyler Model and explanations for why it has persisted in education–namely because of neoliberalism and the appropriation of concepts from learning sciences and business. Start with Kliebard and Taubman (and read Paulo Freire to take you someplace else) and then see what works for you. Also, the Journal of Curriculum Theorizing publishes fine work that may also help you answer your question about the Tyler Model.
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this Tyler model is the best ever we people in Nigeria we agreeing using Tyler model any more. but how will i build a junior secondary school curriculum using Tyler model please?
your question is to broad to answer here. All I can suggest is that you follow the steps of tyler and develop your own system
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I enjoy much this model as it is related to ma current course am running this semister
Very nice explanation which helps me to answer an assignment at university level about curriculum.
I find most of things are useful to me, but need simple manipulation to fit the need of Tanzanian education system………….
Fulfilled explaination and well understandable
Nice model of Tyler since it has assist me to be awear on how to develop a curriculum design from the beginning to the end.
Sometimes, it makes me wonder why some books written by ‘experts’ do not serve as simple as this kind of elaboration. I found the article helps me a lot in understanding the Tyler’s model. Thank you very much, sir.
Best regards from Indonesia.
Well explained thank you so much i will now be able to do my assignment on Tyler’s model.
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Thank you so much for explaining Zimbabwe
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Thanks for the Tylor’s Curriculum Development Model explanation. It has really helped with it as my current topic and Presentation work. Ghana – UCC
This was very informative, thank you. I would like to use a quote from you if I may but unsure how to cite you properly.
Thank you so much on this work. But i want to cite you in my work so as to use your quotes. Thank you
Thanks from the USA. I found your article more informative than the information provided by my professor.
I think its the best because it gives all the approach required!
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I am interested in this model. can the Tyler;s model be use as a theoretical framework on performance of students in mathematics?
This framework can be used to develop curriculum in any circumstance
Thank you very much for this brilliant summary. I think it is excellent and simple to understand, especially with your example taken.
Thanks,
Elvis.
It really helped me a lot 🙂